My earlier comment still stands. You think/thought it was the pi. So why not rule this in/out first?Surely the pi would output video even without an sd card? It’s gotta be the pi4??
Just forget about the intended final use and treat it like a pi. Use a decent psu, with enough power, download the standard pi image using the standard os imager and check it works.
Then you can move on knowing it isn't the pi and therefore must be incompatibility with the image you would 'like' to use.